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Yayın Against the odds: Explaining mainstream Montenegrin parties domination of Bosniak and Albanian minority representation in postcommunist Montenegro(Cambridge University Press, 2024) Lika, Idlir; İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler BölümüThe Bosniak and Albanian minorities in postcommunist Montenegro have supported and been represented by mainstream Montenegrin parties more than by their ethnic parties. This stands in striking contrast to the situation in neighboring Serbia and North Macedonia where the Bosniak and Albanian minorities vote almost exclusively for their ethnic parties. The Montenegrin case stands out as deviant also when one considers a number of extant explanations, all of which would predict a different outcome. Montenegrin Bosniaks and Albanians constitute two native, sizeable and geographically concentrated minority groups inhabiting a country with an institutional framework and several special electoral arrangements favoring minority parties. Drawing on original data on Bosniak and Albanian legislators elected across 12 parliamentary elections in Montenegro (1990-2023), municipality and country-level parliamentary election results and 12 semi-structured elite interviews, I argue that what explains the deviance in the Montenegrin case is the peculiar nature of Montenegrin identity, specifically the fact that it does not pit the majority against minority, but rather it pits the Montenegrin and Serbian components of the Orthodox majority against each other and in such a context the non-Orthodox minorities become critical political allies of the Montenegrin bloc against the Serbian one.Yayın [Book Review]: "First Nationalism then Identity: On Bosnian Muslims and Their Bosniak Identity"(SETA Foundation for Political, Economic, and Social Research, 2023) Lika, Idlir; Lika, Idlir; İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler BölümüIn First Nationalism then Identity: On Bosnian Muslims and Their Bosniak Identity, Mirsad Kriještorac undertakes an ambitious exploratory study to test the relationship between two key social science concepts, nationalism, and identity, focusing specifically on how a population’s exposure to elite-driven nationalist projects affects the likelihood of a strong ascription of the elite-desired national identity. Kriještorac is primarily concerned with determining the direction of interaction between nationalism and identity (p. 146) and for that he examines in depth the case of Bosnian Muslims…Yayın [Book Review]: "Varieties of nationalism: Communities, narratives, identities"(Routledge, 2024) Lika, Idlir; İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler BölümüIn this short but intriguing and much-needed book, Harris Mylonas and MayaTudor provide a guide and framework for how to conduct rigorous comparativeand cumulative research into the various consequences of nationalism throughtime and across countries. Noting that the nationalism scholarship lacks foremostthe conceptual clarity that characterizes other fields of comparative study likedemocratization (rather surprisingly given nationalism’s enduring relevancearound the world), the authors systematically break down the concept of nation-alism into the five most significant dimensions identified in the literature – “eliteand popular fragmentation of national communities; ascriptiveness and thicknessof national narratives; and salience of national identities” (11) – and review someof the influential works in the literature that causally link each of these dimen-sions with a diverse range of outcomes such as regime type, refugee policies,state capacity, political stability and others. They conclude by encouraging scho-lars to explicitly situate their research puzzle along one of the five identifieddimensions of nationalism (62) and to define and operationalize that dimen-sion(s) “in a clear, consistent manner” (14). Only in this way, the authorscontend, can meaningful comparative and cumulative knowledge in the nation-alism scholarship be built…Yayın Dünya savunma sanayii trendleri(Türkiye Araştırmaları Vakfı Yayınları, 2024) Alptekin, Hüseyin; Lika, Idlir; Aslan, Halil Kürşad; Dağdelen, Merve Dilek; Şahin, Merve; İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler BölümüDünyada savunma sanayinin gelişimi son yıllarda ivme kazanmış, ortaya çıkan yeni koşullar, yeni talepler ve yeni trendler birbirini takip etmiştir. Yapay zeka temelli teknolojiden robotik ve siber güvenlik çalışmalarına değin genişleyen bir yelpazede hızla gelişen teknoloji, savunma teknolojilerine de entegre edilmektedir. Bu teknolojik dönüşümle paralel ve hatta onu da etkileyen bir dönüşüm ise dünya jeopolitiğinde yaşanmakta, yeni jeopolitik fay hatları oluşabilmekte, Türkiye’nin de yakın çevresinde ortaya çıkan yeni güvenlik tehditlerine karşı yeni tedbirler geliştirmek gerekmektedir. Bu yeni güvenlik koşullarına adapte olabilmek ve güvenlik ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilmek amacındaki ülkeler savunma bütçelerini artırmakta, yeni ve etkin savunma sanayi ürünlerine uygun maliyetle sahip olmak istemektedir. Savunma sanayi ürünlerinin etkinliği ve maliyetinin yanı sıra tedarik sıkıntısı yaşanmaması, yedek parça temini, onarım, modernizasyon ve yazılım desteği, mühimmat temini ve transfer edilen savunma sanayii ürünlerinin ülkelerin mevcut savunma altyapılarına entegre edilebilmesi öne çıkan diğer kriterler olmaktadır...Yayın Regional reactions to the Arab Uprisings: Evidence from the Balkans(TRT World Research Centre, 2024) Lika, Idlir; Aktürk, Şener; Cherkaoui, Tarek; İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler BölümüThe Balkans provide an interesting empirical setting to observe variation in the reaction of regional countries to the Arab Uprisings and to probe the causes behind the variation. As a sub-region within the broader Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), a geographical space that for almost five decades was under authoritarian/totalitarian one-party communist regimes and that only relatively recently transitioned to democracy, Balkan countries should normally be expected to show at least rhetorical support for the revolutionary changes in the Arab world since 2011 and for the democratic aspirations of the Arab people. Indeed, as noted by Mikulova and Berti (2013, p. 4), the Arab Uprisings “opened the door to a vital new target region for Central and Eastern European democracy support.” Moreover, given that all Balkan countries, with the notable exception of Serbia and its client entity within the Bosnian Federation, are firmly Western-oriented [1], one again should have expected Balkan elites to follow the foreign policy line of Brussels and Washington that initially embraced and supported the popular demonstrations and calls for regime change in the Arab world. Yet, the governments in Albania, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia largely ignored the Arab Uprisings and did not articulate an official public stance towards them...
